Free Income Tax Calculator
Estimated US federal income tax using 2024 brackets.
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Inputs
Result
Estimated federal tax
$8,341.00
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Short answer
Federal income tax is a progressive stack — each bracket is taxed at its own rate, only on income within that bracket. The effective rate is total tax divided by taxable income.
What is the Income Tax Calculator?
Progressive US federal income tax computed against 2024 brackets and standard deductions. Does not include FICA, state, or credits.
How does the Income Tax Calculator work?
Subtract deductions from gross income. Walk the 2024 bracket table; for each bracket, tax the dollars that fall inside it at that bracket's rate. Sum.
Formula
Variables
bracket_iEach of the seven federal bracketsrate_i10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, 37% (2024)
Explanation
Only the dollars that fall within a given bracket are taxed at that bracket's rate. Being 'in the 22% bracket' does not mean paying 22% on everything.
Examples
Example 1: $75k single, standard
Taxable $60,400; federal tax ≈ $8,341; effective ≈ 13.8%; marginal 22%.
Applications
- Rough take-home estimates
- Marginal-rate decisions on side income
- Comparing filing statuses
Advantages
- Uses current-year brackets
- Distinguishes marginal from effective
Limitations
- Federal only — no FICA (7.65%), state, or local tax
- No credits (child, EITC, retirement)
Common mistakes
- Applying the marginal rate to entire income
- Forgetting that FICA is separate
Tips
- Add ~7.65% FICA for a fuller picture of paycheck withholding
Related concepts
The Income Tax Calculator sits inside the Finance Calculators hub, in the taxes & income cluster. Pay, withholding and tax liability. Understanding the terms below makes the output easier to interpret and easier to compare against neighbouring measures.
Practical use cases and industry applications
Understanding Income Tax
Progressive US federal income tax computed against 2024 brackets and standard deductions. Does not include FICA, state, or credits. Within finance calculators, income tax belongs to the taxes & income cluster, where it shares terminology and assumptions with closely related tools.
Learning how income tax is calculated
Only the dollars that fall within a given bracket are taxed at that bracket's rate. Being 'in the 22% bracket' does not mean paying 22% on everything. Working through the variables one at a time — bracket_i, rate_i — makes the result reproducible by hand and easier to sanity-check.
Using income tax to make a decision
Rough take-home estimates Marginal-rate decisions on side income Comparing filing statuses Because outputs depend on the assumptions you enter, run more than one scenario before committing to a figure.
How income tax compares with related measures
marginal rate, effective rate, withholding, deduction all describe adjacent aspects of taxes & income. Comparing this calculator's output against those measures — using the related tools listed on this page — prevents a single metric from being read in isolation.
Frequently asked questions
Why is my paycheck smaller than this suggests?
This is federal income tax only. Your paycheck also has 7.65% FICA plus state and local taxes if applicable.
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